As i-semiconductorkanye nobuchwepheshe be-microelectronic buthuthuka bufinyelele ekusebenzeni okuphezulu kanye nokuhlanganiswa okuphezulu, izidingo eziphakeme zibekwa ekuhlanzekeni kwamagesi akhethekile kagesi. Ubuchwepheshe bokufaka amapayipi egesi ahlanzekile kakhulu buyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yokuhlinzeka ngegesi ehlanzekile kakhulu. Buwubuchwepheshe obuyisihluthulelo bokuletha amagesi ahlanzekile kakhulu ahlangabezana nezidingo ezindaweni zokusetshenziswa kwegesi ngenkathi kugcinwa ikhwalithi efanelekile.
Ubuchwepheshe bokufaka amapayipi ahlanzekile kakhulu buhlanganisa ukwakheka okufanele kohlelo, ukukhethwa kwezinto zokufaka amapayipi nezinto ezisizayo, ukwakhiwa nokufakwa kanye nokuhlolwa.
01 Umqondo ojwayelekile wamapayipi okudlulisa igesi
Zonke izigesi ezihlanzekile kakhulu nezihlanzekile kakhulu zidinga ukuthuthwa ziye endaweni yokugcina igesi ngamapayipi. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zekhwalithi yenqubo yegesi, lapho inkomba yokuthunyelwa kwegesi iqinisekile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka ukukhethwa kwezinto kanye nekhwalithi yokwakha yesistimu yamapayipi. Ngaphezu kokunemba kwemishini yokukhiqizwa noma yokuhlanza igesi, kuthinteka kakhulu yizici eziningi zesistimu yamapayipi. Ngakho-ke, ukukhethwa kwamapayipi kudinga ukulandela izimiso zemboni yokuhlanza efanele futhi kuphawule izinto zamapayipi emidwebweni.
02 Ukubaluleka kwamapayipi ahlanzekile kakhulu ekuthuthweni kwegesi
Ukubaluleka kwamapayipi ahlanzekile kakhulu ekuthuthweni kwegesi ehlanzekile kakhulu Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilikisa insimbi engagqwali, ithani ngalinye lingamunca cishe amagremu angu-200 egesi. Ngemva kokuba insimbi engagqwali icutshungulwe, akugcini nje ngokuba kunamathele ukungcola okuhlukahlukene ebusweni bayo, kodwa futhi nenani elithile legesi liyamuncwa elathini layo lensimbi. Uma kukhona ukugeleza komoya okudlula epayipini, ingxenye yegesi emuncwa yinsimbi izophinde ingene ekugelezeni komoya futhi ingcolise igesi ehlanzekile.
Uma ukuhamba komoya epayipini kungaqhubeki, ipayipi lakha ukumuncwa kwengcindezi kugesi edlulayo. Lapho ukumuncwa komoya kuyeka ukudlula, igesi emuncwa yipayipi yakha ukuhlaziywa kokunciphisa ingcindezi, kanti igesi ehlaziyiwe nayo ingena kugesi emsulwa epayipini njengokungcola.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umjikelezo wokumuncwa nokuhlaziywa kuzokwenza insimbi engaphakathi kwepayipi ikhiqize inani elithile lempuphu. Le ngxenyana yothuli lwensimbi ingcolisa negesi ehlanzekile epayipini. Lesi sici sepayipi sibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubumsulwa begesi ehanjiswayo, akudingeki nje kuphela ukuthi ubuso bangaphakathi bepayipi bube bushelelezi obukhulu kakhulu, kodwa futhi nokuthi bube nokumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu.
Uma igesi inezakhiwo eziqinile zokugqwala, amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali angagqwali kumele asetshenziswe ekufakeni amapayipi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzovela amabala okugqwala ebusweni bangaphakathi bepayipi ngenxa yokugqwala. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izingcezu ezinkulu zensimbi zizophuma noma zize zibhoboze, ngaleyo ndlela zingcolise igesi emsulwa ethuthwayo.
03 Izinto zombhobho
Ukukhethwa kwezinto zombhobho kudinga ukukhethwa ngokwezidingo zokusetshenziswa. Ikhwalithi yombhobho ngokuvamile ilinganiswa ngokujiya kobuso bangaphakathi bombhobho. Uma ujiya uphansi, kulapho amathuba okuthwala izinhlayiya encipha khona. Ngokuvamile ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezintathu:
Enye iwukuthiIpayipi le-EP grade 316L, epholishwe nge-electrolytic (i-Electro-Polish). Ayikwazi ukugqwala futhi inobulukhuni obuphansi bomphezulu. I-Rmax (ukuphakama okuphezulu kwesiqongo kuya esigodini) icishe ibe ngu-0.3μm noma ngaphansi. Inobuthambile obuphezulu kakhulu futhi akulula ukwenza imisinga emincane ye-eddy. Susa izinhlayiya ezingcolile. Igesi yokusabela esetshenziswa kule nqubo kufanele ifakwe amapayipi kuleli zinga.
Enye i-Ibanga le-BA 316Lipayipi, eliye laphathwa yi-Bright Anneal futhi livame ukusetshenziselwa amagesi athintana ne-chip kodwa angahlanganyeli ekusabeleni kwenqubo, njenge-GN2 kanye ne-CDA. Elinye ipayipi le-AP (i-Annealing & Picking), elingaphathwanga ngokukhethekile futhi ngokuvamile lisetshenziselwa amasethi amabili amapayipi angaphandle angasetshenziswa njengemigqa yokuphakelwa kwegesi.
04 Ukwakhiwa kwephayiphi
Ukucutshungulwa komlomo wepayipi kungenye yamaphuzu abalulekile alobu buchwepheshe bokwakha. Ukusikwa kanye nokwakhiwa kwangaphambili kwepayipi kwenziwa endaweni ehlanzekile, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuqinisekiswa ukuthi akukho zimpawu eziyingozi noma umonakalo ebusweni bepayipi ngaphambi kokusikwa. Amalungiselelo okuhlanzwa kwe-nitrogen epayipini kufanele enziwe ngaphambi kokuvula ipayipi. Ngokomthetho, ukushisela kusetshenziselwa ukuxhuma amapayipi okudlulisa nokusabalalisa igesi ahlanzekile kakhulu futhi ahlanzekile kakhulu anokugeleza okukhulu, kodwa ukushisela okuqondile akuvunyelwe. Kufanele kusetshenziswe amalunga ekheyisi, futhi izinto zepayipi ezisetshenziswayo akudingeki zibe noshintsho esakhiweni ngesikhathi sokushisela. Uma izinto ezinokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephezulu kakhulu zishisiwe, ukungena komoya kwengxenye yokushisela kuzobangela ukuthi igesi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwepayipi ingene komunye nomunye, kubhubhise ubumsulwa, ukoma kanye nokuhlanzeka kwegesi ethwalayo, okuzoholela emiphumeleni emibi futhi kuthinte ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza.
Ngamafuphi, kumapayipi okudlulisa igesi ahlanzekile kakhulu kanye namapayipi okudlulisa igesi akhethekile, ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali eliphathwe ngokukhethekile elihlanzekile kakhulu kumele lisetshenziswe, okwenza uhlelo lwamapayipi oluhlanzekile kakhulu (kufaka phakathi amapayipi, ukufakwa kwamapayipi, amavalvu, i-VMB, i-VMP) lube nomsebenzi obalulekile ekusabalalisweni kwegesi ehlanzekile kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-26-2024