Ukupholisha nge-electro kuyinqubo ebalulekile yokuqedela ukufeza izindawo ezibushelelezi kakhulu nezihlanzekile ezidingekayo ezimbonini ezifana nemithi, i-biotechnology, ukudla neziphuzo, kanye namadivayisi ezokwelapha. Nakuba igama elithi “ukungabi nokupholisha” liyigama elihlobene, ukupholisha nge-electro kudala indawo enobulukhuni obuncane kakhulu kanye namandla amancane obuso, okuyinto “engenakho ukupholisha” ngokusebenzayo ezintweni ezingcolisayo, amagciwane, kanye noketshezi.
Nansi incazelo eningiliziwe yokuthi isebenza kanjani nokuthi kungani ilungele ukusetshenziswa kwezempilo:
Kuyini ukupholisha nge-Electropolishing?
I-Electropolishing inqubo ye-electrochemical esusa ungqimba oluncane, olulawulwayo lwezinto (ngokuvamile 20-40µm) ebusweni bensimbi, ikakhulukazi izinsimbi ezingagqwali ze-austenitic (njenge-304 kanye ne-316L). Le ngxenye isebenza njenge-anode (+) ebhavini le-electrolytic (ngokuvamile ingxube ye-sulfuric kanye ne-phosphoric acid). Uma kusetshenziswa ugesi, ama-ion ensimbi ayancibilika kusuka ebusweni aye ku-electrolyte.
Indlela Yokushelela Enezigaba Ezimbili
1. Ukulinganisa Okukhulu (Ukulinganisa Okungaguquki):
· Ubuningi bamanje buphakeme eziqongweni (amaphuzu aphezulu amancane) nasemaphethelweni kunasezigodini ngenxa yokusondela eduze kwe-cathode.
· Lokhu kubangela ukuthi iziqongo zincibilike ngokushesha kunezigodi, kwenze iphrofayili yonke yobuso ibe ngcono futhi kususwe imihuzuko, ama-burrs, kanye namamaki amathuluzi ekukhiqizeni.
2. Ukushelela Okuncane (Ukukhanya Okune-Anodic):
· Ezingeni elincane kakhulu, ubuso buyingxube yezinhlayiya zekristalu ezahlukene kanye nezinto ezifakiwe.
· Ukupholisha nge-electro kuqala kuncibilikisa izinto ezingaxinene kakhulu, ezingaguquki, noma ezicindezelekile, okushiya indawo elawulwa yisakhiwo esiqinile nesicwebezelayo sekristalu.
· Le nqubo ilungisa ubuso ezingeni le-sub-micron, inciphisa kakhulu i-Surface Roughness (Ra). Ubuso obupholishwe ngomshini bungaba ne-Ra engu-0.5 - 1.0 µm, kanti ubuso obupholishwe ngogesi bungafinyelela i-Ra < 0.25 µm, ngokuvamile bube ngaphansi kuka-0.1 µm.
Kungani Lokhu Kudala Indawo "Ehlanzekile" Noma "Engenazingxabano"
Ukuqhathanisa Okuqondile: Ukupholisha Kwemishini vs. Ukupholisha Nge-Electro
| Isici | Ukupholisha Kwemishini (Okubhula) | Ukupholisha ngogesi (i-Electrochemical) |
| Iphrofayili Yomphezulu | Igcoba futhi igoqe insimbi phezu kweziqongo nezigodi. Ingabamba ukungcola. | Isusa izinto eziqongweni, ilinganise ubuso. Akukho ukungcola okufakiwe. |
| Ukususa ukusha | Kungase kungafinyeleli ezindaweni zangaphakathi noma ama-micro-burrs. | Iphatha ngokulinganayo zonke izindawo eziveziwe, kufaka phakathi amajiyometri angaphakathi ayinkimbinkimbi. |
| Isendlalelo Sokugqwala | Kungadala ungqimba oluncane, oluphazamisekile, nolungaguquguquki. | Idala ungqimba oluqinile, olufanayo, noluqinile lwe-chromium oxide passive. |
| Ingozi Yokungcoliswa | Ingozi yokungena kwe-abrasive media (isihlabathi, ulwelwesi) ebusweni. | Indawo ehlanzeka ngamakhemikhali; isusa insimbi ehlanganisiwe nezinye izinhlayiya. |
| Ukungaguquguquki | Kuxhomeke ku-opharetha; kungahluka ezingxenyeni eziyinkimbinkimbi. | Ifana kakhulu futhi ingaphindeka kuyo yonke indawo. |
Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Eziyinhloko
· Imithi/i-Biotech: Imikhumbi yokucubungula, ama-fermenters, amakholomu e-chromatography, amapayipi (izinhlelo ze-SIP/CIP), imizimba yamavalvu, izinto zangaphakathi zephampu.
· Ukudla Neziphuzo: Ukuxuba amathangi, amapayipi obisi, ukupheka, kanye nemigqa yejusi, izinto zokufaka.
· Amadivayisi Ezokwelapha: Amathuluzi okuhlinza, izingxenye zokufakelwa, izinto zokulungisa amathambo, ama-cannulae.
· I-Semiconductor: Izingxenye zokuphatha uketshezi oluhlanzekile kakhulu kanye negesi.
Isifinyezo
Ukuhlanza nge-electropolishing kudala indawo ehlanzekile "engenazingxabano" hhayi ngokuyenza ibe bushelelezi ngokuphelele ngomqondo ongokoqobo, kodwa ngoku:
1. Ukuncibilikisa iziqongo ezincane kanye nokungapheleli ngogesi.
2. Ukudala indawo efanayo, engenamaphutha enamaphuzu amancane okubambelela kokungcola.
3. Ukuthuthukisa ungqimba lwe-oxide olumelana nokugqwala.
4. Ukwenza kube lula ukukhipha amanzi nokuhlanzwa okuphelele.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 16-2025